宁诺经济系教授登上国际权威医学期刊《柳叶刀》，展望中美卫生合作之路

Please scroll down for the English version-Dr Chen Zhuo published an article in The Lancet Journal: "US-China Health Exchange and Collaboration following COVID-19".

近日，宁波诺丁汉大学经济系健康经济学客座教授陈茁登上国际权威医学期刊《柳叶刀》，以“新冠疫情后的中美卫生交流与合作”一文展望中美卫生合作之路。

在文章中，陈茁教授及中国疾控中心前主任李立明教授，中国预防医学科学院前院长王克安老师，美国疾控中心前主任、埃默里大学副校长Jeff Koplan教授一起从中美卫生领域合作的历史出发，阐述了中美在卫生和医学方面的良好合作关系，并分析了中美卫生合作的挑战和机遇。

文章指出，疫情带来的持续性挑战将使中美在生物医学和公共卫生方面的联系与合作更具意义，并就新冠疫情后中美卫生方面的合作提出了三项建议：

恢复目前受到政治层面阻力的中美两国政府机构间医疗卫生合作和伙伴关系，以控制疫情并为未来的传染病包发和疫情做准备；

促进学术界和科学界之间因政治考虑和疫情而受阻的合作和交流；

私营机构和民间组织与两国政府一起改善中美在卫生和医学领域的合作。

当谈到这篇文章时，陈茁教授说道：“我们首先回顾了以往中美在公共卫生和医学方面交流与合作的成就，其中也包括了一些可能不太为人所知的合作成果，比如中国疾病预防控制中心（CDC）的成立其实跟美国CDC有一些渊源。同时，中国在流感监测方面的一些计划也是通过和美国CDC的合作推进的。尤其值得注意的是，在这次新冠疫情当中，中国‘现场流行病学’的项目发挥了重要的作用，这也得益于美国的流行病学专家们在中国做的培训。

当然，美国也同样从这些交流中受益匪浅，比如双方关于叶酸的合作为美国的医疗政策制定提供了强有力的证据支持。中美双方同时也就流感监测方面开展过双向合作，包括彼此间互相提供流感病毒株型以便研究。事实上，中美在公共卫生和医学上的交流一直很稳定、通畅，并且卓有成效。当然，最近几年，中美在关税、政治等方面的交流的确受到了一些影响，但我个人觉得在公共卫生以及气候变化方面，中美的交流仍然是非常重要的，而且很有可能为中美的下一步合作打开一扇门。所以，我认为我们更应该持续推动双方在卫生方面的交流与合作。”

陈茁教授与美国著名健康经济学家、前美国国家经济研究局健康经济组主任Mike Grossman教授在宁诺“中国留美经济学会2018年会长论坛”上的合影

据悉，陈茁教授目前的研究方向之一是基因组学（Genomics），对于学习经济学的同学来说是一个比较新兴且令人好奇的领域。对于这个研究方向，陈教授表示其实自己更关注于基因组学的伦理、法律和社会影响层面，也就是基因组学经济学中与经济政策相关的部分，而不是完全的基因组学。

他举例道,在美国有一种BRCA基因测序，可以帮助女性尽早发现并降低乳腺癌和卵巢癌风险。那么，是否要规定保险公司对满足一定条件的女性免费提供BRCA基因测序，以及这将会产生什么样的经济成本和社会影响，都是其研究的内容之一。

陈茁教授在科研活动现场

本月17日至18日，宁诺人文与社会科学学院健康经济学研究中心主办了一场 “基因组学和精准医学的伦理、法律和社会影响”的主题研讨会。届时，陈茁教授将会与国内外的相关专家与学者们在线上进行为期两天的学术研讨，对此有兴趣的学者可点击文末的“阅读原文”报名参与。

对于有志于学习经济学的学生，陈教授也提出了以下建议：

“

大家对经济学有兴趣的话，一定要先把数学的基础打好。数学工具的使用在经济学理论、推导，以及实证方面的应用上始终起着极为重要的作用。同时，同学们也要重视对语言的学习，包括英文的写作和口语。

宁波诺丁汉大学是一个纯英文教学的学校，为学生提供浸入式的学习环境。因此，宁诺在语言方面有着得天独厚的优势，也对学生的语言能力有着更高的要求。

人物名片

陈 茁

陈茁教授本科和硕士毕业于中国科学技术大学管理学院管理科学系，并于美国爱荷华州立大学获得统计学理学硕士学位和经济学博士学位。2006-2017年间任美国CDC健康经济师及高级健康经济师，并于2013年获得了CDC行为和社会科学研究卓越奖，在多家顶级领域的期刊发表论文70余篇。

陈茁教授曾于2016年至2018年担任中国卫生政策与管理学会（海外）会长，并于2017年至2018年任中国留美经济学会（CES）会长，2018年当选中国卫生经济学会理论与政策专业委员会委员。

目前陈教授担任宁波诺丁汉大学人文与社会科学学院经济系健康经济中心学术主任暨健康经济学客座教授，美国佐治亚大学公共卫生学院卫生政策与管理副教授，中国疾控中心周报（China CDC Weekly）、安徽医药，全球健康研究与政策（Global Health Research and Policy）、Journal of Family and Economic Issues等多家学术期刊编委会成员。

Dr Chen Zhuo published an article in The Lancet Journal: "US-China Health Exchange and Collaboration following COVID-19"

Dr Zhuo Chen, Visiting Professor in Health Economics at University of Nottingham Ningbo China (UNNC), co-authored a viewpoint article titled "US-China Health Exchange and Collaboration following COVID-19" in the prestigious medical journal The Lancet.

With Dr Jeffrey Koplan, former director of the US Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Professor Liming Li, former director of China CDC, and Dr Ke’an Wang, former President of the Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, Dr Chen reviewed the history of US-China exchange and collaboration in health and medicine, and advocated for the restoration of collaboration to meet the need of containing the current pandemic and to prevent future outbreaks.

In their work, Dr Zhuo Chen and his colleagues pointed out that China-US health cooperation has a long history and benefits both sides and the world, and it is hoped that the two countries can collaborate to fight COVID-19 and other infectious illnesses, chronic diseases, and other future challenges to human health.

The authors also offered three suggestions for China-US health collaboration after COVID-19. First, to control and rebuild from COVID-19 and prepare for future outbreaks and pandemics, partnership and collaboration on health and medicine between the US and China government agencies need to be restored. Second, we need to promote collaboration and exchange between the academic and scientific communities, which have been hindered by politics and COVID-19. Finally, private sectors and non-governmental organisations can work with governments in both countries to improve China-US collaboration on health and medicine.

In the article, the authors reviewed the past achievements of China-US exchanges and cooperation in public health and medical science. “Some of the achievements may not be that well-known, for example, the relationship between the China CDC and the US CDC. The China CDC had in mind the US CDC as a model when it was created. In addition, some of China’s earlier efforts on influenza surveillance are also developed through cooperation with the US CDC. The ‘Field Epidemiology Training Program’, which played an important role in COVID-19, was indebted to many US experts in this field, who visited China and held many training sessions,” Dr Chen introduced.

“Of course, the benefits that China received from this cooperation is not one-sided. The US also benefits a lot from these exchanges. For example, the cooperation with China on folic acid provides strong evidence for relevant policies in the US. The US has also improved influenza surveillance from its cooperation with China, as China has provided influenza virus strains to the US. In conclusion, China and the US have had a good rapport in public health and medical science in the past, with more collegial collaboration and exchange than some of the other aspects. In my opinion, China-US cooperation and exchange are very important, especially in public health and climate change, and we need cordial collaborative work. It might also open the door for the next step of China-US cooperation. Therefore, we need to promote China-US exchange and cooperation in public health.”

One of Dr Chen’s current research directions is Genomics, which is relatively a new field for Economics students. He focuses more on the ethical, legal and social implications of Genomics. “My direction may be referred to as Economics of Genomics, which is related to economic policy, rather than complete Genomics,” he explained.

“For example, in the US it is possible to conduct BRCA1/2 gene sequencing, which can help women to reduce the probability of breast cancer and ovarian cancer. Should a society offer BRCA gene sequencing for all women of a certain age range or with certain conditions? If so, what will be financial implication of such an initiative and how would it be implemented? These are what Genoeconomics explore.”

On 17 and 18 July, the Centre for Health Economics of UNNC is to organise an online workshop on "Ethical, legal, and social implications of genomics and precision medicine", where Dr Chen will discuss and explore related topics with renowned experts and scholars of at home and abroad. If you are interested in the workshop, please click "Read more" at the end of the article to register for attendance.

For students who are interested in studying economics, Dr Chen advises: “You must have a good foundation in mathematics - the use of mathematics tools, including theory, deduction, and some applications in empirical aspects, plays a vital role in economics. In addition, you should also pay attention to language, especially English writing and speaking. UNNC is a university that teaches only in English, which provides students with an immersive English learning environment. This is a unique advantage for UNNC students, as it provides an opportunity to strengthen your capabilities of writing and speaking in English.”

About Dr Zhuo Chen

Dr Zhuo Chen graduated from the University of Science and Technology of China with Bachelor's and Master’s degrees in Management Science. He later received a Master of Science in Statistics, and a PhD in Economics from Iowa State University.

Dr Chen has been a senior health economist with the US CDC and was granted Excellence in Behavioral and Social Sciences Research Award in 2013. He has more than 70 publications in peer-reviewed journals that are top of the field.

From 2016 to 2018, Dr Chen served as the President of the China Health Policy and Management Society, and was President of the Chinese Economists Society from 2017 to 2018.

He is currently a Visiting Professor in Health Economics at UNNC, and Associate Professor of Health Policy and Management, the University of Georgia, USA.

文字来源 | FHSS

图片来源 | 陈 茁

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