考点梳理 | 英语：主谓一致中考考点分析_中考学一学

所谓主谓一致简单说就是，谓语受主语支配，须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。主谓一致一般遵循三条原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近一致原则。

一、语法一致

语法一致是指主语的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。

考点一：一般情况下，主语为单数可数名词或代词、不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数可数名词或代词时，谓语动词用复数形式。

考点二：动词不定式或动词-ing形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

( )1.The twins______fond of the new idea in the magazine article.

A.be

B.am

C.is

D.are

( )2.One of my friends______moved to America. I miss her so much.

A.has

B.have

C.are

( )3.Playing computer games too much______bad for students'health.

A.am

B.is

C.are

答案：DAB

考点三：复合不定代词anyone，anybody，anything，someone，somebody，something，everyone，everybody，everything，no one，nobody，nothing作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。neither of…/none of…作主语时，谓语动词用单、复数形式均可。either指“两者之中任何一个”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。either of…作主语时，谓语动词用单、复数形式均可。each作同位语时，谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于主语的数；each of…作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

考点四：当用both…and…连接并列主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。当and连接的两个名词表示两个不同的概念时，谓语动词用复数形式；当表示同一人、同一物或同一个概念，或表示不可分的整体时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。

考点五：当主语后面跟有with，except，including，along with，together with，as well as，in addition to等词语引导的短语时，谓语动词的单、复数形式由主语的单、复数形式决定。

( )1.We each______WeChat nowadays, even the old people.

A.play

B.plays

C.playing

( )2.—What would you like, coffee or tea?

—Either______OK. I don't mind.

A.is

B.are

C.was

( )3.My sister with my parents______dumplings when I got home yesterday evening.

A.are making

B.is making

C.was making

D.were making

答案：AAC

考点六：一些由两部分构成的表示物体的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式，如shoes，trousers，jeans，scissors，chopsticks等。但如果这些名词前有量词如pair等修饰时，谓语动词的数与量词保持一致。

( )The pair of trousers______me. I'll take it.

A.fit

B.fits

C.will fit

答案：B

考点七：“a number of+复数可数名词/代词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“the number of+复数可数名词/代词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。“分数/百分数+of+名词”和“the rest/most of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数由名词决定。

( )1.In our city there______a number of cars and the number of them ______growing larger and larger.

A.are; is

B.have; is

C.is; are

( )2.About______of the land______covered with trees and grass.

A.three fifths; is

B.three fifths; are

C.three fifth; are

( )3.The number of the volunteers in our city______2,000. And sixty percent of them______teachers and students.

A.is; is

B.is; are

C.are; is

D.are; are

答案：AAB

二、意义一致

意义一致是指谓语动词和主语的一致不是取决于主语的语法形式，而是由其意义所决定。

考点一：当数词作主语或当表示距离、金额、时间等名词（短语）作主语时，通常作为整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式。

( )1.Fifty yuan______enough.

A.is

B.am

C.are

( )2.—Mom, I watched TV for only forty minutes. Sometimes______TV is good for us.

—Forty minutes______enough. Now you must do your homework.

A.watch; is

B.watching; was

C.watched; are

D.watching; were

答案：AB

考点二：有些集体名词常指复数的人或物，谓语动词用复数形式，如police；有些集体名词作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式；如果指集体中的成员，谓语动词用复数形式。如family，class，team，group，crowd等；当population意为“人口数量”时，谓语动词用单数形式；意为“全体居民”时，谓语动词用单、复数形式均可。

( )1.The population of China______over 1.3 billion and China has bigger population than______in the world.

A.is; any country

B.is; any other country

C.are; the other countries

D.are; any other countries

( )2.Look! The police______the food onto the bank of the river.

A.am carrying

B.is carrying

C.are carrying

D.are carried

答案：BC

考点三：以-s结尾的单数名词如news，physics，maths，politics等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

( )—Politics______my favorite subject. What about you?

—Physics______my favorite dubject. I think it's very interesting.

A.is; is

B.are; are

C.are; is

答案：A

考点四：“the+形容词”表示一类人作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。这类词有the brave，the poor，the rich，the blind，the young，the old，the sick，the dead等。“the+姓氏的复数形式”表示某一家人或夫妇两人，其作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

( )1.The old______our help, so we should care for them.

A.refuses

B.refuse

C.needs

D.need

( )2.The Greens______a TV show now.

A.is watching

B.are watching

C.watch

D.watches

答案：DB

考点五：定语从句中谓语动词的单复数取决于其先行词的单复数。